With a multitude of online resources claiming to provide free listings of MVNOs it is easy to get confused and find yourself in a sea of erroneous information.

Research for The MVNO Directory 2009 identified over 220 operations where alternative sources have claimed them to be MVNOs. For the benefit of users of The MVNO Directory 2009 there is a chapter listing all of these operations with a brief reason as to why they were not suitable for inclusion and a URL, where possible, should you wish to review them. The most common reason for a company not being included is their withdrawal from the market or that they never launched a mobile service.