What is an MNO?

MNOs are ‘mobile network operators’. These are companies with licensed mobile spectrum.

Typically an MNO will have its own base stations and back office systems which will provide its subscribers with a network coverage area and access to their mobile phone network.

MNOs will also partner with foreign MNOs to provide international roaming facilities and may also partner with other domestic MNOs to provide internal roaming within their country in an effort to provide better coverage to subscribers.

For an MVNO to function it requires access to at least one MNO’s network. Access may be gained by negotiation between the MNO and MVNO or via a 3rd party MVNE.

An MVNE is a ‘mobile virtual network enabler’. This means it enables the MVNO to access a mobile network. The MVNE will already have an agreement with at least one MNO and will in negotiation with the MVNO decide which network is best to host the service on.